Category Archives: Philosophy

Review of Venice Architecture Biennale 2016, Italy

The 15th Venice International Architecture Exhibition, open to the public from May 28 to November 27 2016 at the Giardini and the Arsenale. Titled “REPORTING FROM THE FRONT”, is directed by Alejandro Aravena and organized by La Biennale di Venezia chaired by Paolo Baratta. The Exhibition also includes 63 National…

Review of Venice Architecture Biennale 2016, Italy

Art methodology

Art methodology refers to a studied and constantly reassessed, questioned method within the arts, as opposed to a method merely applied (without thought). This process of studying the method and reassessing its effectiveness allows art to move on and change. It is not the thing itself but it is an…

Art methodology

Geocriticism

Geocriticism is a method of literary analysis and literary theory that incorporates the study of geographic space. The term designates a number of different critical practices. In France, Bertrand Westphal has elaborated the concept of géocritique in several works. In the United States, Robert Tally has argued for a geocriticism…

Geocriticism

Environmental justice

Environmental justice emerged as a concept in the United States in the early 1980s. The term has two distinct uses with the more common usage describing a social movement that focuses on the fair distribution of environmental benefits and burdens. The other use is an interdisciplinary body of social science…

Environmental justice

Environmental ethics

Environmental ethics is the part of environmental philosophy which considers extending the traditional boundaries of ethics from solely including humans to including the non-human world. It exerts influence on a large range of disciplines including environmental law, environmental sociology, ecotheology, ecological economics, ecology and environmental geography. Environmental ethics is a…

Environmental ethics

Ecofeminism

Ecofeminism is a branch of feminism that sees environmentalism, and the relationship between women and the earth, as foundational to its analysis and practice. Ecofeminist thinkers draw on the concept of gender to analyse the relationships between humans and the natural world. The term was coined by the French writer…

Ecofeminism

Critical realism

Critical realism, a philosophical approach associated with Roy Bhaskar (1944–2014), combines a general philosophy of science (transcendental realism) with a philosophy of social science (critical naturalism) to dance an interface between the natural and social worlds. Background The programmatic beginning of Critical Realism is Bhaskar’s PhD thesis at Nuffield College,…

Critical realism

Constructivist epistemology

Constructivist epistemology is a branch in philosophy of science maintaining that scientific knowledge is constructed by the scientific community, who seek to measure and construct models of the natural world. Natural science therefore consists of mental constructs that aim to explain sensory experience and measurements. According to constructivists, the world…

Constructivist epistemology

Aesthetics of nature

Aesthetics of nature is a sub-field of philosophical ethics, and refers to the study of natural objects from their aesthetical perspective. It appeared in the 1980s and is more generally related to environmental philosophy and analytical aesthetics . History Aesthetics of nature developed as a sub-field of philosophical ethics. In…

Aesthetics of nature

Hermeneutics

Hermeneutics is the theory and methodology of interpretation, especially the interpretation of biblical texts, wisdom literature, and philosophical texts. Modern hermeneutics includes both verbal and non-verbal communication as well as semiotics, presuppositions, and pre-understandings. Hermeneutics has been broadly applied in the humanities, especially in law, history and theology. Hermeneutics was…

Hermeneutics

Environmental philosophy

Environmental philosophy is a branch of philosophy that is concerned with the natural environment and humans’ place within it.[1] It asks crucial questions about human environmental relations such as “What do we mean when we talk about nature?” “What is the value of the natural, that is non-human environment to…

Environmental philosophy

Ecosophy

Ecosophy or ecophilosophy (a portmanteau of ecological philosophy) is a philosophy of ecological harmony or equilibrium. The term was coined by the French post-structuralist philosopher and psychoanalyst Félix Guattari and the Norwegian father of deep ecology, Arne Næss. History The term ecosophy was coined in 1973 by the famous Norwegian…

Ecosophy

Axiology in philosophy

Axiology is the philosophical study of value. As a philosophical area, it was created only in the 19th century. Your representatives – eg. As Oskar Kraus – find their question already in the goods ethics of the Greek philosophers , although one of the most influential representatives of the philosophy…

Axiology in philosophy

Agricultural philosophy

Agricultural philosophy (or philosophy of agriculture) is, roughly and approximately, a discipline devoted to the systematic critique of the philosophical frameworks (or ethical world views) that are the foundation for decisions regarding agriculture. Many of these views are also used to guide decisions dealing with land use in general. In…

Agricultural philosophy

Validity in logic

In logic, an argument is valid if and only if it takes a form that makes it impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion nevertheless to be false. It is not required for a valid argument to have premises that are actually true, but to have premises…

Validity in logic

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