Lublin Renaissance, the type of Lublin – current architectural representative of Lublin religious buildings from the 1st half. XVII century, strongly inspired by Italian architecture, stylistically similar also to other trends present in the art of Central Europe.

Typical examples of the Lublin Renaissance in architecture are characterized by a simple plan, narrower than the nave and semicircular presbytery, slenderness and lightness of the body, towerless façade, and above all rich architectural details, mainly slatted stucco decorations created (in contrast to traditional stuccos) directly in mortar, with the addition of strong binders .

The term “Lublin renaissance” was introduced to the history of art in the first half of Twentieth century . This type of construction was first identified and described in the scientific literature by Władysław Tatarkiewicz (On a certain group of Polish churches from the beginning of the 17th century, 1926 and Type lubelski and the type of Kalisz in the architecture of the seventeenth century, 1966). During the post-war ideologization of art history, the Lublin Renaissance was created in the national style. He was presented as a Polish contribution to the artistic heritage of modern Europe.

Lublin region
According to the researchers, the Lublin Renaissance type developed almost simultaneously in three centers of the region – in Zamość, in Kazimierz Dolny and in Lublin.

For the first time, Bernardo Morando, a characteristic of the geometric style of the coffered decoration, was used on the presbytery of the collegiate church of St. Tomasz in Zamość. The church, whose construction was begun in 1587, was also characterized by a barrel vault with lunettes and referred to classic northern spatial solutions . In the later period, the local brick-clad church of Lublin was also Jan Wolff and Jan Jaroszewicz . The features of the Lublin Renaissance are also preserved in the Zamoyski Greek-Russian Orthodox church. St. Mikołaja (1618-1631) and the Armenian church (1625-1644).

The best example of a religious building in the Lublin type is the Parish Church of St. John the Baptist and Saint. Bartłomiej in Kazimierz Dolny, rebuilt in 1610-1613 by the architect Jakub Balin. The characteristic top of the façade of this church was also reproduced in granaries standing at the Vistula River (Ulanowskie and Feuerstein) .

The Lublin Renaissance is also represented by other buildings in the Lublin region: St. Stanisław Biskupa and Saint. Małgorzata in Janowiec, church. St. Ghost in Markuszów, hospital church. St. Anna in Końskowola and churches in Szczebrzeszyn (St. Catherine’s church), Uchanie (the church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary) and Turobin (church of St. Dominic).

Lublin
Fires devastating Lublin (including in 1575), as well as the construction movement at the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries, in which many Italian stone-builders took part, influenced the uniform character of the city’s buildings.

A new shape was given to the already existing Dominican churches (St. Stanislaus the Bishop Martyr Basilica in Lublin with the magnificent Firlejs chapel built in 1630) and Bernardines (the Church of the Conversion of St. Paul in Lublin), the Church of Our Lady of Victory in Lublin and the Holy Church Spirit in Lublin. The roof of the parish church of Saint was destroyed in a fire. Michał was replaced with a new one, with a characteristic several-zone peak.

The features of the Lublin Renaissance were also exhibited by other churches and monasteries established in the early seventeenth century, located outside the Old Town area, for example, the church of. Jesuits (present cathedral), church of St. Agnieszka, church of St. Józefa, or the church built by the Carmelite nuns monastery. Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary.

Impact
Churches with elements characteristic of the Lublin renaissance can also be found outside the Lublin region. Władysław Tatarkiewicz attributed the characteristics of the Lublin type refectory u. Paulinów on Jasna Góra, or one of the chapels of Calvary in Wejherowo. He also found them in the church of St. Michał in Vilnius and in the churches in Grodno, Zolochiv and Zhovkva .

Trail Year of the Renaissance and Lublin
In May 2013, the Lublin Regional Tourist Organization created the Renaissance Route covering several dozen buildings. On its route passing through six districts of the Lublin province, there are 11 churches from the Lublin area (the Holy Spirit Church, the Church of the Conversion of St. Paul, the Dominican Church of St. Stanislaus BM, the Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary), Church of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Church of Saint Joseph the Blessed Virgin Mary, St. Nicholas Church, St. Agnes Church, the Church of Our Lady Help of Christians, the Church of St. Adalbert and the Orthodox Church. Transfiguration of the Lord), as well as two churches in Kazimierz Dolny (dedicated to John the Baptist and Bartłomiej Biskup and St. Anne) and a dozen other sacral buildings (St. John the Baptist Church in Dysie, Church of the Birth of the Virgin and St. Sebastian in Krasienin, the Church of the Holy Spirit in Markuszów, the Church of the Conversion of St. Paul in Bełżyce, Church St. Wawrzyńca in Czerniejów, the church. St. Mary Magdalene in Łęczna, Church of the Holy Virgin Nativity of St. Mary and St. Michael the Archangel in Kurów, the church. St. Anny in Końskowola, Church. St. Stanisława BM and św. Małgorzata in Janowiec, the church. St. John the Baptist in Wilkołaz, Church. St. Florian and Saint. Urszula in Wilków). In addition to the listed facilities, there are also secular buildings on the trail: granaries in Kazimierz Dolny and the palace in Gardzienice (currently headquarters)”Gardzienice” Center for Theater Practices) .

In 2013, the Lublin Regional Tourist Organization also initiated a project entitled “The Year of the Lublin Renaissance”. As part of it, many cultural and educational events were organized (mainly exhibitions and lectures) that would draw the attention of tourists and residents of the region to the architectural heritage of Eastern Poland, unique in the entire country .

Examples of the Lublin Renaissance
Church of the Holy Spirit in Lublin,
Church of the Conversion of Saint. Paweł in Lublin,
Church of Our Lady of Victory in Lublin,
The rector church of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Lublin,
Church of St. Józefa Spojieńca of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Lublin,
Church of St. Nicholas on Thursday,
Transfiguration Cathedral in Lublin,
Church of St. Agnieszka in Lublin,
Church of Our Lady Help of Christ’s faithful in Lublin,
Church of St. Wojciech in Lublin,
Basilica of St. Stanisław Biskupa Męczennik in Lublin,
Church St. John the Baptist in Dysie,
Church Nativity of St. Mary and St. Sebastian in Krasienin,
Church St. Spirit in Markuszów,
Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary and Saint. Michał Archanioł in Kurów,
Church St. Anna in Końskowola,
Church of St. Stanisław Biskupa and Saint. Małgorzata in Janowiec,
The parish church of St. John the Baptist and Saint. Bartłomiej in Kazimierz Dolny,
Church of St. Anne and Saint. Spirit in Kazimierz Dolny,
Granaries in Kazimierz Dolny,
Church of St. Florian and Saint. Urszula in Wilków,
Church of the Conversion of Saint. Paul the Apostle in Bełżyce,
Church St. Wawrzyńca in Czerniejów,
Palace in Gardzienice,
Church of St. Mary Magdalene in Łęczna,
Church of St. John the Baptist in Wilkołaz.
Church of the Finding of the Holy Cross in Grodno
Church of St. Of the Trinity in Radzyń Podlaski

Source from Wikipedia