Turin continues to be a centre of European and international culture. A wide array of styles, forms and languages disclose the city of monuments, royal palaces, churches, spirituality, events, music, galleries, cinema and literature… Turin is one of the most important Baroque cities in Europe and is considered, together with Milan and Palermo, the Italian capital of Art Nouveau, of which, among other things, its countless and famous historic cafes are a great example, which flourished especially in the Risorgimento and Belle Époque periods.

From the Royal Palace to the Church of Consolata, the Regio Teathre and the National Museum of Cinema, the cultural itineraries are countless, and never predictable. And there’s an infinite choice of attractions outside the city as well: in Rivoli Castle whose Baroque rooms host the Museum of Contemporary Art; in Canavese where the castles of Agliè and Masino are gems of post-Renaissance architecture surrounded by beautiful gardens; in the Susa and Chisone Valleys where there are the ancient fortresses of Fenestrelle and Exilles that barred the way to the Alpine passes. Alternatively there is a very special itinerary taking in abbeys, monasteries and sacred mounts: starting with the Basilica of Superga, on Turin’s hills, and the Saint Michael’s Abbey at the mouth of the Susa Valley, some of Piedmont’s symbols recognised all over the world.

Turin, as the former capital of the Kingdom of Sardinia and the Kingdom of Italy, is home of the Savoy Residences. In addition to the 17th-century Royal Palace, built for Madama Reale Christine Marie of France (the official residence of the Savoys until 1865) there are many palaces, residences and castles in the city centre and in the surrounding towns. Turin is home to Palazzo Chiablese, the Royal Armoury, the Royal Library, Palazzo Madama, Palazzo Carignano, Villa della Regina, and the Valentino Castle. The complex of the Residences of the Royal House of Savoy in Turin and in the nearby cities of Rivoli, Moncalieri, Venaria Reale, Agliè, Racconigi, Stupinigi, Pollenzo and Govone was declared a World Heritage Sites by UNESCO in 1997.

After it had been little more than a town for a long time, in 1559 the Duke Emmanuel Philibert of Savoy made Turin the capital of his domains. The Duke had the ambition to transform the city into a major artistic and cultural capital, and in the following centuries numerous artists were to work at the Savoy court, especially architects and planners like Carlo di Castellamonte and his son Amedeo, Guarino Guarini and, in the 18th century, Filippo Juvarra and Benedetto Alfieri.

Visual art and museums
The Egyptian Museum of Turin specialises in archaeology and anthropology, in particular the Art of Ancient Egypt. It is home to what is regarded as one of the largest collections of Egyptian antiquities outside of Egypt. In 2006 it received more than 500,000 visitors. The Museum of Oriental Art houses one of the most important Asian art collections in Italy. Nazionale dell’Automobile, the Museum of Human Anatomy Luigi Rolando, the Museo delle Marionette (puppet museum) and the Museo Nazionale della Montagna (National Museum of the Mountains).

As for the painting and the visual arts, Turin became a point of reference, especially in the 20th century. In the 1920s, the painter Felice Casorati inspired a number of students called The group of six of Turin and these included Carlo Levi, Henry Paolucci, Gigi Chessa, Francis Menzio, Nicola Galante and Jessie Boswell. Artists born in Turin include the sculptor Umberto Mastroianni and the architect Carlo Mollino. Between the 1960s and the 1970s, the international centre of Turin (Arte Povera), the presence in the city of artists like Alighiero Boetti, Mario Merz, Giuseppe Penone, Piero Gilardi and Michelangelo Pistoletto. In those years there was a strong artistic influence of designer Armando Testa. Artists currently operating in the city include Ugo Nespolo and Carol Rama.

Turin has an international level museum system, with over 50 museums present in the city and metropolitan area, which in 2017 reached a total of 5.3 million visitors. There are four national museums (Museum of Cinema, Automobile Museum, Mountain Museum, Museo del Risorgimento) and many other museums of national and international importance such as the Egyptian Museum, the ‘ Royal Armory, the Museum of Art Eastern, the Museum of Astronomy and Planetarium, the J-Museumto which was added, until 2015, the Sports Museum. Some museums have been expanded and renovated in recent years (for example the Cinema Museum, the Egyptian Museum and the Automobile Museum) or are being renovated: among these, the Luigi Rolando Museum of Human Anatomy, the Anthropology Museum and ethnography, and the Cesare Lombroso Museum of Criminal Anthropology, which will be unified into a single Museum of Man, inside the ” Palazzo degli Istituti Anatomici ” in Corso Massimo d’Azeglio.

The artistic collections of the city are very important: there are in fact works by Leonardo da Vinci, Antonello da Messina, Beato Angelico, Andrea Mantegna, but also by Van Eyck, Rembrandt, Van Dyck. For figurative art it is worth mentioning the Galleria Sabauda (one of the most important art galleries in Italy), which houses paintings for the period from the 12th to the 18th century. For modern and contemporary art there are the Civic Gallery of Modern and Contemporary Art (the second largest museum of modern art in Italy, with 5,000 paintings and 400 sculptures), the Civic Museum of Ancient Art of Palazzo Madama, the Sandretto Re Rebaudengo Foundation containing exhibitions of contemporary artists from all over the world and the Giovanni and Marella Agnelli Art Gallery and the Merz Foundation. Considering that the nearby Rivoli houses the Museum of Contemporary Art in the homonymous castle, Turin can be considered as the most important Italian museum center for contemporary art.

The collections of ancient art, whose collection was begun by Duke Emanuele Filiberto di Savoia in the second half of the sixteenth century, are preserved in the Museum of Antiquities, which also collects the main Piedmontese archaeological remains from the Paleolithic to the Late Middle Ages. In the 1940s, the Egyptian collections that made up the Egyptian Museum, the most important in Europe (as well as the oldest in the world), were separated from the Museum of Antiquities, as it is the custodian of the second largest collection of Egyptian art in the world and importance after that of the Cairo Museum.

Furthermore, the opening of the Museum of Oriental Art in December 2008 allowed to host rich collections from the Near East, India, China and Japan, as well as from Central Asia.

The Accorsi Foundation is a rich private collection, now open to the public, of collectible works. Important temporary exhibitions are held at Palazzo Bricherasio and Palazzo Madama.

Also important from a historical point of view are the National Museum of the Italian Risorgimento, at Palazzo Carignano, and the National Museum of the Mountains, at Monte dei Cappuccini, on the right bank of the Po. Testimonies of the history of Turin are available at the Institute Historian of the Resistance, who also manages the widespread Museum of the Resistance, deportation, war, rights and freedom.

As for the sciences, it is certainly worth mentioning the Regional Museum of Natural Sciences, among the largest in Italy in the specific sector, and the Museum of the Shroud, which illustrates to the visitor the scientific discoveries on the Shroud cloth.

To remember the Museum of Astronomy and Planetarium of Turin, which stands next to the Astronomical Observatory of Turin in Pino Torinese, a hilly town in the immediate vicinity of the Piedmontese capital.

Finally, it should be noted that all the museums indicated above, plus numerous others within the Piedmont Region for a total of about 200 sites, are free and unlimitedly accessible through the regional Museum Subscription, which has been developed since the 1990s to allow the use of museum sites in the area after an annual flat-rate purchase, and which in 2017 achieved the important goal of over 136,000 cards sold and about 900,000 admissions to the affiliated sites.

Cinema
Turin is the Italian city where the film industry was first established, due to the historical geographical and cultural proximity of the Lumière brothers with France. Precisely in the Piedmontese capital, in March 1896, the inventors of the cinema exhibited the first screening of a film in Italy and in via Po, in November, the first in front of a paying audience.

The first Italian film studios opened in Turin in 1907. Giovanni Pastrone shot one of the first colossals in the history of cinema there: Cabiria from 1914.

The productions of the main houses, like ‘ Ambrosio Film, the’ Itala Film, the ‘ Aquila and studies Fert, continued until 1937, year of the inauguration of Cinecittà in Rome.

Turin’s cinematographic vocation did not cease. In 1956 the National Cinema Museum was opened, first housed in Palazzo Chiablese and then, since 2000, in the imposing headquarters of the Mole Antonelliana. In the eighties, a group of university professors and film critics from Turin gave rise, with the support of local authorities, to the film festival Festival Cinema Giovani which from 1997 took the name of Torino Film Festival, gaining an international point of reference especially for the experimental cinema, second in Italy only to the historic Venice Film Festival.

Turin hosts the Torino Gay & Lesbian Film Festival, the International Film Festival of Women, the Sottodiciotto Filmfestival linked to adolescent themes, CinemAmbiente, the VIEW Conference (previously Virtuality, an event entirely dedicated to virtual reality) and the Piemonte Movie -gLocal Film Festival, dedicated to regional cinema.

Today Turin is one of the main locations for film and television production in Italy, thanks to the role of the Turin Film Commission which brings back the production of many feature films, dramas and commercials.

In 2002 the Fert studios were reopened with the new name of Virtual Reality & Multi Media Park and Lumiq Studios started its activity: both ceased their activity in 2013.

The first Italian arthouse cinema was born in Turin (the Romano in the Galleria Subalpina, in 1971), the main national film association (the Aiace Torino) and the first multiplex in the country (the Elysée, in 1983).

In San Giusto Canavese there is an important cinema-television production center, the Telecittà Studios, while in Turin there is the Cineporto, a structure reserved for film production companies that come to the city to shoot films.

Film quotes
American Gigolo. The city is mentioned in the film. The protagonist, Julian Kay, played by Richard Gere, after a brief dialogue in French with a beautiful stranger (Lauren Hutton) says he was born in Turin and studied in Nantes.
I am a legend. In the film, when the protagonist is watching the recordings of old television news, Piazza San Carlo is shown. The one used in the film is in fact the actual recording of a connection that took place during the XX Olympic Winter Games of 2006.
The Pink Panther 2. In the opening part of the film a panorama of Turin and the interior of the cathedral where the Holy Shroud is stolen is shown. In reality the panorama is not the real one and neither is the church. In the film it is shown as if the shroud were kept in a glass case, although in reality this is not the case.
An Italian shot. A group of British thievesarrives in Turin on board of three Mini Coopers to organize a robbery against a convoy that transports FIAT’s revenuesfrom Turin-Caselle Airport to the city.

Soap opera
Stolen hearts
CentoVetrine (since 2007 in numerous changes of scenes you can see the main monuments of the city)
Live
Good and evil
Elisa di Rivombrosa

Music
The opera body of Turin is the Teatro Regio, while the main symphony orchestra of the city is the RAI National Symphony Orchestra, which performs at the RAI Auditorium. In the field of classical music there are also the Turin Philharmonic Orchestra, the Regio Philharmonic and the Stefano Tempia Music Academy, specialized in the Baroque repertoire. Furthermore, considerable importance is covered by the annual seasons of the Unione Musicale and Lingotto Musica, which boast numerous collaborations with prestigious international soloists and orchestras.

In Turin there is a rich musical offer. All kinds of music are performed live and, in addition to the main theaters and concert halls for classical music, after the recent Olympics the number of Palazzetti where concerts and pop music performances take place have increased. Among these, the most popular are:

the PalaRuffini, also known as the Palazzetto dello Sport;
the PalaTorino, formerly PalaStampa and Mazda Palace (closed since 2011);
the Palasport Olimpico, today PalaAlpitour for sponsorship reasons (also called PalaIsozaki from the name of its creator, the architect Arata Isozaki).

In addition, there are five periodic events per year:

September Music: music festival held every year in September in various places, combining concerts of classical, jazz, ethnic and pop music. Founded in 1978, since 2007 it has been twinned with Milan under the name of MITO SettembreMusica;
Club to Club: international festival of electronic music and arts that since 2006 involves, with the “Club Europa” section, an important European city, with an exchange of public, artists, initiatives;
Torino Jazz Festival: international jazz music festival held every year at the end of April from 2012 to 2016, with the participation of prestigious guests such as Al Di Meola, Paolo Fresu, Caetano Veloso, Manu Dibango, Daniele Sepe, Enzo Avitabile. From May 2017 it is replaced by the new format Jazz Narrations;
Traffic – Torino Free Festival: free music festival that took place annually in Turin from 2004 to 2014 in July. Since summer 2015 it has been replaced by the TOdays Festival;
Movement Torino Music Festival: electronic music, visual arts and circus festival born in 2006, which hosts the performances of the best international musicians and DJs, to represent the developments of contemporary musical culture.
Kappa FuturFestival: born as an artistic event in 2009, it is, since 2012, a daytime electronic music festival that takes place at Parco Dora.
Reload Music Festival: EDM music festival that takes place every year between February and March since 2015 The 2020 edition was canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Turin in music
Turin is the only Italian city, besides Naples, mentioned in the title of an American song with the name not translated: to be precise, the Texan singer-songwriter Shawn Phillips on his 1970 album Second Contribution opens side A with a song entitled long, She was waitin ‘for her mother at the station in Torino and you know I love you baby but it’s getting too heavy to laugh (“He was waiting for his mother to Turin station and you know that I love you honey but it is becoming too heavy to laugh”). The Austrian DJ Parov Stelar has titled his song with the name of the city in Italian: A Night in Turin, EP of 2005.
The Turin Brakes group mentions the city of Turin in its name. According to the same band, the two words do not combine any meaning and their juxtaposition has no intended meaning.

Literature
A literary centre for many centuries, Turin began to attract writers only after the establishment of the court of the Dukes of Savoy. One of the most famous writers of the 17th century was Giambattista Marino, which in 1608 moved to the court of Charles Emmanuel I. Marino suffered an assassination attempt by a rival, Gaspare Murtola, and was later imprisoned for a year because of gossip that he had said and written against the duke. Perhaps, because of this, in 1615 Marino left Turin and moved to France.

The main literary figures during the Baroque age in Turin were Emanuele Tesauro and Alessandro Tassoni. In the next century Torino hosted the poet Vittorio Alfieri from Asti for a while. The situation was very different in the 19th century, especially since the city became a point of reference for Italian unification and, subsequently, the capital of the Kingdom of Italy. Indeed, in those years Tommaseo, Settembrini and John Meadows resided in the city. A major literary and cultural woman of that time was Olimpia Savio. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Turin was home to writers such as Guido Gozzano, Edmondo De Amicis, Emilio Salgari and Dino Segre, the latter known by the pseudonym of Pitigrilli.

Turin had a very important role in Italian literature after World War II. A major publishing house, Giulio Einaudi, publushed works by authors such as Cesare Pavese, Italo Calvino, Vitaliano Brancati, Primo Levi, Natalia Ginzburg, Fernanda Pivano, Beppe Fenoglio, Carlo Fruttero and Franco Lucentini. In more recent years, writers active in the city are Giovanni Arpino, Nico Orengo, Giuseppe Culicchia, Margherita Oggero, Laura Mancinelli, Alessandra Montrucchio, Alessandro Perissinotto, Guido Quartz, Piero Soria and Alessandro Baricco. Baricco was also among the founders of the Scuola Holden, dedicated to writing techniques teaching.

In the local Piedmontese language has a literary tradition, with names such as Nicoletto da Torino, Ignas Isler, author of epic poems, and Eduard Calv.

Cuisine
The typical Turin cuisine is a rich and elaborate cuisine. Despite this, it is deeply rooted in the territory. In fact, it was born from a union between its peasant origin and the refined needs of the Savoy court, both open, moreover, to the influences of French cuisine.

Turin is well known for its chocolate production, especially for its traditional, ingot-shapetd chocolate called gianduiotto, named after Gianduja, a local commedia dell’arte mask. Moreover, the city is also known for the so-called bicerin, a traditional hot drink made of espresso, drinking chocolate and whole milk served layered in a small rounded glass. Every year Turin organizes CioccolaTÒ, a two-week chocolate festival run with the main Piedmontese chocolate producers, such as Caffarel, Streglio, Venchi and others, as well as some big international companies, such as Lindt & Sprüngli.

As for snack food, the now popular tramezzini were first served in a historic café of downtown Turin, namely Caffè Mulassano, where they were devised in 1925 as an alternative to English tea sandwiches. In recent years, another trademark drink of the city is MoleCola, an Italian Coca-Cola that entered production in 2012 and quickly spread both in Italy and outside its native country.

Local cuisine also features a particular type of pizza, so-called pizza al padellino or pizza al tegamino, which is basically a small-sized, thick-crust and deep-dish pizza typically served in several Turin pizza places.

Since the mid-1980s, Piedmont has also benefited from the start of the Slow Food movement and Terra Madre, events that have highlighted the rich agricultural and vinicultural value of the Po Valley and northern Italy.

Events

Periodic Events
“Luci d’artista”: various light installations by contemporary artists in the main places of Turin, to decorate the city during the Christmas period and beyond.
“ARTissima”: fair dedicated to contemporary art held at the Lingotto in November.
“International book fair”: publishing fair in Italy, held every May at the Lingotto.
CioccolaTò: chocolate fair, held annually.
Share Festival: an international digital arts and culture event held in November at the Natural Science Museum.
“International Terra Madre Festival”: biennial festival founded in 2004 by Slow Food at the Oval Lingotto on the themes of sustainable agro-food production models and the protection of biodiversity, organoleptic quality but also respect for the environment and people. At the Lingotto, the “International Taste Show” and the “Wine Show” are held at the same time.
“Settembre Musica ” (see section Music)
Club to Club (see Music section)
“Biennale Democrazia”, an event scheduled every two years in April starting from 2009, dedicated to reflection and discussion on the themes of democracy, political culture, development and the environment.
“Festival of the Turin hills”: contemporary theater festival that has been held in Turin since 1996, engaging various spaces in the city between July and August.
“Torino Comics”: salon and market exhibition of comics, born in 1994, which takes place in spring at the Lingotto Fiere in Turin.
” VIEW Conference “: international event focused on computer graphics, interactive techniques, digital cinema, 2D / 3D animation, video games and visual effects. It is held every year at the “Torino Incontra” Congress Center during the autumn season.
VIEWFest: the Digital Cinema Festival organized by VIEW Conference, takes place annually at the Cinema Massimo.
“Cinema at the Royal Palace”. Summer arena dedicated to the classics of cinema which takes place every year, since 2012, in the Courtyard of Honor of the Royal Palace

Recent events
The XX Winter Olympic Games took place from 10 to 26 February 2006 in Turin
From May 20th to June 6th 2006 Turin hosted the chess Olympics
Biennale dei Leoni 2006 (15 July – 30 September): traveling exhibition celebrating the bond with the city of Lyon. Scattered through the streets and squares of the city are the works of 69 artists from different countries depicting the bull and the lion, symbols of the two cities.
Turin World Book Capital: after Alexandria in Egypt, Madrid, New Delhi, Antwerp and Montréal, UNESCO conferred to Turin, in collaboration with Rome, the title of World Book Capital for the period from 23 April 2006 to 22 April 2007. The recognition rewarded the reading promotion activity carried out by the city through the International Book Fair.
Turin 2008 World Design Capital: in 2008 the city was the first “world design capital “. The title, conferred in Copenhagen by the ICSID (International Council of Societies of Industrial Design), was created specifically for the city of Turin for recognized merits and skills present in the area. Simultaneously with this occasion, from 30 June to 2 July, the “XXIII world congress of architects” was held at the Lingotto Fiere, accompanied by the exhibition “Sensitive architecture”, inaugurated on 26 July in the Castello di Rivara.
European Athletics Indoor Championships 2009: from 6 to 8 March 2009 it hosted the European Indoor Athletics Championships.
100th edition of the world figure skating championships (22-28 March 2010).
Turin 2010 European Youth Capital: Turin European Youth Capital 2010.
Turin 2010 ISU World Figure Skating Championships.
World Masters Games 2013, multisport event for master athletes (2-11 August 2013).
Exposition of the Shroud of 2015.
European final of the Bocuse d’Or (11-12 June 2018).
Climathon 2018 (main stage).

Events related to Italy 150
Italia 150: the Italia 150 Committee prepares the Experience Italy program for the realization of a major international event aimed at celebrating the 150th anniversary of the Unification of Italy with shows, exhibitions, shows and debates between March 17 and November 20 2011. The event is an opportunity to reflect on the past, debate the present but above all look to the future of Italy. The committee is chaired in rotation by the Mayor of Turin, the President of the Province and the President of the Region.

Media
After Alexandria, Madrid, New Delhi, Antwerp and Montreal, Turin was chosen by UNESCO as World Book Capital for the year 2006. The International Book Fair is one of the most important fairs of its kind in Europe. Turin is home to one of Italy’s principal national newspapers, La Stampa, and the sports daily newspaper Tuttosport. The city is also served by other publications such as the Turin editions of La Repubblica, il Giornale, Leggo, City, Metro and E Polis. RAI has had a production centre in Turin since 1954.

Print
Turin has a historic tradition in the publishing field. The concentration of publishing houses in the city is higher than the national average and still today 50% of Italian school and university publishing houses are based in Turin, with an incidence of 30% of the national school book market.

Furthermore, over 90% of the national publishing production is concentrated in Turin in large print editions for the visually impaired. Turin is also a place of typographic experimentation.

Periodicals
Previously seat of important national newspapers such as Gazzetta del Popolo and Stampa Sera, now they are based in the Piedmontese capital:
The print
Tuttosport
Chronicle Here

The local editorial offices of La Repubblica, Il Giornale and Corriere della sera are also based in the city. The local edition of the free press daily Metro, the weekly Però, the monthly Torino Magazine and the bimonthly Extratorino are also published. The editors of various periodicals dedicated to art and culture are also present in the city such as Il Giornale dell’Arte, Il Giornale dell’Architettura and Il Giornale della Musica. The Municipality of Turin, since 2004, has published the periodical CittAgorà.

Radio
Turin was for decades the headquarters of EIAR and then of Rai and therefore it is the city from which most of the radio broadcasts originated in the era in which there was still no television (1927 – 1954).

The main radio stations in the city are: Radio Manila, Radio GRP, Radio 2000 Blackout, Radio Veronica One, Radio Torino International (the latter broadcasts a program in Romanian). In the past there were also Radio Flash (which closed its doors on 1 July 2019, selling its historic frequency 97.6 (formerly 97.7) to Radio Italia Uno and was affiliated with the Popolare Network circuit) and Radio Centro 95 (later renamed Radio Centro Soft FM and definitively closed in 2013).

Television
Turin is among the main offices of the Rai Television Production Center, such as those of Rome, Milan and Naples. Together with these three locations, since it began its programs in 1954, the center of Turin has also been the first of the television company. Turin, moreover, before it became RAI, already housed the EIAR management center since 1927.

Other broadcasters, with regional distribution, are Quartarete TV, GRP Television, TST, Quinta Rete, Videogruppo Piemonte, Rete7 Piemonte and Telesubalpina (the latter closed in 2019 and replaced by Radio Bianconera TV). One of the most important productions set in Turin is the soap opera CentoVetrine which uses most of the external locations for the protagonists’ homes, the Franco Balbis police station, the prison, the hospital and the main squares. In 2012 the fiction This our love arrives on Rai 1, set in Turin. On 21 December 2012, the television film Natale a 4 paampe with Massimo Boldi was broadcast on Canale 5, where most of the film was shot in Turin.

Other media
Turin was the second Italian city to end up on a 3D video game, but the first (also in Italy) as a real city, where it was possible to roam freely through the numerous streets. In 2001, in fact, Rockstar Games created The Italian Job, inspired by the film The Italian Job, shot in part in Turin in 1969. Even if the city is very different from reality in the game, there are still the number 13 tram, the Po and many historical buildings that actually exist. The first Italian city to appear in a video game was Venice in Tomb Raider II, but there were only the few buildings needed to complete the 3 levels (2, 3 and 4) set in this city. Always inspired by the 1969 film and using three Mini Cooper, the Welsh band Stereophonics shot the video of Pick a part that’s new in Turin. Always inspired by this film, in the episode The Gypsy of Budapest of the MacGyver TV series, the famous Turin traffic chase was reproduced, redoing some scenes and also using scenes from the original film, such as the chase on the car test track located on the roof of the former FIAT factory in Lingotto.

Education
Turin is home to one of Italy’s oldest universities, the University of Turin, including its affiliated Collegio Carlo Alberto, which ranks among the best universities in the country. Another established university in the city is the Polytechnic University of Turin, ranking among Top 50 universities in the world and #1 in Italy in the fields of engineering, technology and computer science (“Academic Ranking of World Universities” published by Shanghai Jiao Tong University). Turin also hosts the United Nations System Staff College, the European Training Foundation, and a campus of the ESCP Europe business school, ranked among the 10 best business schools in Europe. Moreover, the city hosts three small English language post-secondary institutions: St. John International University, International University College of Turin, and the Turin School of Development, as well as Buddies Elementary School.

Libraries and Archives
The city hosts some important libraries: the National Library of Turin and the Royal Library owned by the state, the Central Civic Library and many specialized collections such as the Mario Gromo International Cinema and Photography Library, the National Library of the Italian Alpine Club, the Library the Fondazione Luigi Einaudi, art libraries in the modern art gallery and contemporary civic and dell ‘ Accademia Albertina. Other important ancient libraries are the Library of the Academy of Sciences, the Library ofArmy Application School (based in the Juvarra Palace of the Arsenale), the Library of the State Archives and the Provincial Library of the Capuchin Friars Minor, located inside the Convent of the Cappuccini Mountains.

The network of civic libraries includes, in addition to the central Civic, other 23 similar institutions (17 civic libraries spread across the territory, 2 libraries located in prisons and 4 reading points), whose total assets amount to over 1,200,000 volumes.

To these are added the central and departmental libraries of the universities: the University has 50, among which the Erik Peterson Interdepartmental Library of Religious Sciences stands out. The Politecnico has 17 libraries. The consultation of the volumes is free for everyone, but the loan is reserved only for those enrolled in the various faculties.

In addition, the municipalities of the urban and metropolitan area belt have an integrated library system called SBAM (Metropolitan Area Library System) consisting of 65 libraries for a total of approximately 1,700,000 documents.

The State Archives of Turin houses the documents of the court and of the Savoy administration, since the Middle Ages.

Scientific research
Turin is home to important scientific, technological and cinematographic research institutes which are the testimony of a cultural tradition based on experimentation and innovation. Here, in fact, you will find:

the Academy of Sciences, founded in 1757
the National Institute of Metrological Research (INRiM), established with DL 38/2004 from the merger of the Galileo Ferraris National Electrotechnical Institute with the “Gustavo Colonnetti” Institute of Metrology of the CNR
the Rai Research and Technological Innovation Center, located in Corso Giambone
the Institute for Scientific Interchange
the Turin Academy of Medicine
Telecom Italia Lab (formerly CSELT)
the Academy of Agriculture
the Cinematographic Experimental Center belonging to the National School of Cinema

Turin has always been a very lively city from the point of view of scientific and applied research in various disciplines. Over time, it has achieved several records. For example, here was born the alternating current electric motor by Galileo Ferraris, who discovered and demonstrated the rotating magnetic field. In 1977 it was also the first city in the world equipped with an urban fiber optic network (9 km long), tested by the CSELT telecommunications research center; also in CSELT the MPEG initiative was born which led to the creation, among others, of the MP3 audio coding standard, widespread all over the world.

In addition, some notable episodes in the history of computer science took place in Turin: here Charles Babbage presented for the first time in a scientific conference the project of his Analytical Engine at the invitation of the astronomer Giovanni Plana: about a century later the Turin-born Pier Giorgio Perotto, creator and designer of the first ” personal computer “, the Program 101, and was also a professor at the Polytechnic of Turin.

In 2016 Turin won the second place in the prestigious European Capital of Innovation Award – iCapital, behind Amsterdam and ahead of Paris.

University
The Turin university center is one of the main ones in Italy. In 2006, almost 100,000 students were enrolled in the two most important city universities, the University of Turin and the Polytechnic. In July 2011, the University of Turin had 67,000 students while the Polytechnic almost 27,000, to which must be added those enrolled in courses at minor universities.

Turin, according to a survey by Skyscanner, is one of the ten most popular university cities in Italy.

The main institutes of higher studies, in addition to the University and the Polytechnic, are:

Albertina Academy of Fine Arts
Giuseppe Verdi Conservatory
Army School of Application and Institute of Military Studies
European Institute of Design
Institute of applied art and design
International University College of Turin.

Turin is also home to one of the five European campuses of the ESCP Business School. The other European campuses of this Grande École are: Paris, London, Berlin and Madrid.

As regards the popular university, UNITRE – University of the Three Ages was founded in the city and still retains its national headquarters.

Sports
The city has a rich sporting heritage as the home to two historically significant football teams: Juventus F.C. (founded in 1897) and Torino F.C. (founded in 1906). Juventus has the larger fan base, especially all over Italy and worldwide, while Torino enjoys a greater support in the city itself. The two clubs contest the oldest derby in Italy, the Derby della Mole or the Turin derby.

Juventus is Italy’s most successful football club and one of the most laureated in the world. It ranks joint eleventh in the list of the world’s clubs with the most official international titles (fifth between European clubs). and was the first in association football history — remaining the only one in the world (as of 2019) — to have won all possible official continental competitions and the world title. Juventus’ owned ground, the Juventus Stadium, was inaugurated in 2011. The Juventus Stadium hosted the 2014 UEFA Europa League Final. This was the first time the city hosted a seasonal UEFA club competition’s single-match final.

Torino F.C. was founded by the union of one of the oldest football teams in Turin, Football Club Torinese (founded in 1894), with breakaways from Juventus and was the most successful team, called “Grande Torino”, in the Serie A during the 1940s. In 1949, in the Superga air disaster, a plane carrying almost the whole team crashed into the Basilica of Superga in the Turin hills. Torino currently plays its home games at the Stadio Olimpico “Grande Torino”, named after the team of the 1940s, which was the host stadiums for the 1934 FIFA World Cup and the venue of the XX Winter Olympics; moreover the team recently rebuilt the historic Stadio Filadelfia, used for games of the youth teams and trainings of the first squad, and seat of the team museum.

The city hosted the final stages of the EuroBasket 1979. The most important basketball club team is the Auxilium Torino, refounded in 2009, playing in the Italian LBA. In 2018 Auxilium Torino went to win its first Italian Basketball Cup ever.

Turin hosted the 2006 Winter Olympics in February 2006. Turin is the largest city to have ever hosted a Winter Olympics, and was the largest metropolitan area to host them at the time.

The city was awarded with the title of European Capital of Sport 2015. The candidature sees the City strongly committed to increasing sports activities.

The city will host the ATP Finals tennis event from 2021 to 2025.