China National Silk Museum, Hangzhou, China
China National Silk Museum (Chinese:中国丝绸博物馆) Located in West Lake, Hangzhou, is a national silk professional museum and the world’s largest silk museum. It covers an area of five hectares, with a building area of 8,000 square meters and an exhibition area of 3,000 square meters. It was officially opened on February 26, 1992. . Former President Jiang Zemin wrote an inscription for the museum: “Promoting the ancient silkworm cocoon culture and opening up a new Silk Road.”
The China National Silk Museum displays five thousand years of silk history and culture in China. Its basic display includes five parts: the Preface Hall, the Historical Relics Hall, the Silk Hall, the Dyeing and Weaving Hall, and the Modern Achievement Hall.
The China National Silk Museum is an elegant environment with a soft and elegant architectural style. The mulberry gardens in the museum are dyed with grass and small bridges, allowing people to enjoy the scenery of nature. The museum also has a variety of silk shopping malls, Jinxiu Gallery, Jingluntang high-end custom, etc., is a good place for recreation.
The China National Silk Museum will not only become the largest silk-themed textile and apparel museum in China, but will also be the theme pavilion of the Silk Road and Silk Road, which will become an important window for the promotion of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the Maritime Silk Road. .
History
On December 28, 1987, the foundation of the China National Silk Museum was started. In the process of preparation, he was assisted by the national cultural circles, the silk industry, Hong Kong and Macao compatriots and overseas friends. He spent more than 20 million yuan and officially opened on February 26, 1992.
In 1997, the original display was revised. The original preface hall, historical cultural relics hall, folklore hall, silkworm sang hall, silk making hall, silk weaving hall, printing and dyeing hall, modern achievement hall are compressed into: preface hall, historical relics hall, silk hall, dyeing and weaving hall, modern achievement hall .
In 2000, with the approval of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, the China National Silk Museum established the China Textile Identification and Protection Center, which comprehensively opened the textile cultural relics identification and protection work.
In 2003, the museum’s basic display was fully adjusted.
In October 2010, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage approved the establishment of a key scientific research base for the State Administration of Cultural Relics for Textiles.
In 2012, the 20th anniversary of the establishment of the China National Silk Museum, the museum displayed a large-scale renovation, the basic display set up the “Chinese silk story” “Tianzhu Lingji – China silkworm woven silk art intangible cultural heritage display” “textile restoration repair display “The Pavilion” and the “New Museum” for collecting textile information. There are also exhibition halls in the pavilion to hold various temporary special exhibitions.
In August 2014, the China National Silk Museum Reconstruction and Expansion Project was the provincial-level key cultural facilities project of the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan for Zhejiang Cultural Development”. The project plans to carry out the overall renovation and expansion of the China National Silk Museum in three years. After the expansion, the total construction area will reach 2,4635.6 square meters (including 9,700 square meters underground). The expansion will include the fashion house, the collection building, and public facilities such as storage, equipment and parking.
Exhibition Halls
Preface Hall: The shape of the preface hall is a model of the Song Dynasty jacquard weaving machine towering in the center of the hall. This is the earliest known jacquard model. The left and right walls of the preface hall are the display of the silk chronology and the Silk Road. The back wall is a visual summary of the performance of China’s silk, production and sales are ranked first in the world.
Historical Relics Hall: Concentrated on the essence of five thousand years of silk cultural relics, the constant temperature and humidity environment in the hall provides good preservation conditions for delicate silk cultural relics. The Museum of Historical and Cultural Relics is divided into two halls according to the times: one hall mainly introduces the history of silk development from the Neolithic Age to the Song and Liaoyuan periods; the second hall is dedicated to show the royal and royal treasures of the Ming and Qing Dynasties and the archaeological excavations.
Silk Hall: It mainly displays the natural attributes of silkworms, adopts semi-closed display of popular science education, through “magic change”, “the silkworm loves to eat mulberry leaves”, “the mystery of silkworms”, “cocoon”, “silk silk”, Eight aspects, such as “beautiful silkworms”, “homes of silkworm farmers” and “utilization of silkworms”, reveal the mystery from silkworms to silk. Taking mulberry, silkworm, moth specimens and bright and colorful pictures as the main means of exhibition, using multimedia forms, several touch screens were set up to display the silkworm selection process of mulberry, silkworm knot, silkworm organ and silkworm.
Dyeing and Weaving Hall: Taking the weaving and dyeing process of silk as the main line, the image of the weaving model vividly let the audience understand the production process of ancient Chinese silk dyeing and weaving. The exhibition is divided into five parts: “process flow”, “wire processing”, “machine principle”, “looking machine thread” and “dyeing system”. The hall also has a “Learning Garden” exhibition area where viewers can make silk crafts and feel the silk hand-made. At the same time, the “ZIS plain fabric computer design system” is installed on the multimedia, and the audience can design the fabric structure and fabric pattern under the guidance of professionals.
Modern Achievement Hall: Showcasing China’s achievements in silk production, scientific research and foreign trade in the past 50 years since the founding of the People’s Republic of China. At the same time, there are various kinds of handicrafts made of silk as a carrier and some new silk products.
The Silk Hall: The exhibition is divided into three parts: “Foreword”, “The Origin and Development of Silk” and “Colorful Chinese Silk”. It tells the history of silk development and the colorful embroidery embroidery. That is to say, the origin and development of silk through the organic combination of exhibits and panels of the sub-units of “origin and start-up – innovation and maturity – integration and development”, showing three important stages of the history of Chinese silk five thousand years of development; “Colorful Chinese silk” is divided into four parts: “Colorful silk fabrics – colorful printing and dyeing fabrics – beautiful silk embroidery – meaning rich silk patterns”, through the display of enamel, Luo, silk, satin, Jin and other woven embroidery boutiques, Ming and Qing dynasty official weaving materials and silk varieties of the organizational structure enlargement model, and the fabric observation table and “embroidered room” scene, intuitively answer the audience what is 绫, 罗, silk, satin, what is Weaving, dyeing and embroidering.
The Silk Road Gallery: Through the display of the large ancient Silk Road map and the Han and Tang dynasty fabrics unearthed from Silk Road, the specific direction of the four silk roads such as the grassland road silk road and the sea silk road and the silk after the opening of the new route are reproduced. The road and the blend of Chinese and Western culture they bring. In order to make up for the lack of static content in the Silk Road, a DVD video of the Silk Road was produced, and a small screening room was opened in the exhibition area to play the film.
Costume Hall: divided into three parts: “Following the Gods of the Court – Jinyi Embroidery Clothing—Family Daily Use”, which interprets the silk in ancient society in the form of a combination of silk costumes and miniature models of figures, figures, and symbolic restoration scenes. The function of the court, from the Warring States to the Qing Dynasty, the popular robes, robes, robes and other court ceremonies and home-made daily embroidery.
Weaving Workshop: The fully open exhibition hall is mainly based on the on-site operation of the loom, showing the ethnic looms and restoration ancient looms still in production. According to the theme of restoration looms, Jiangnan dyeing and weaving, and minority looms, 13 different types of looms were arranged.
Xinyi Library: The Xinyi Library is a textile information center named after Zhu Xinyu and Jiang Yilong, the predecessors of the sericulture silk industry, displaying modern textile fabric samples, precious textile figures and silkworm history, dyeing and weaving history, textile archaeology, The Silk Road is a historical and valuable Chinese and foreign newspapers and books, audio and video materials, and uses modern technology to record and organize, providing graphic information services for textile research.
Collection
The Chinese Silk Museum contains historical relics related to silk from various dynasties since the Neolithic Age, especially the Han and Tang dynasty fabrics that were unearthed along the Silk Road, the Liaojin objects in the northern grasslands, the Song Dynasty costumes in the Jiangnan area, and the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Official aircraft products as well as modern cheongsam and landscape fabrics. In addition, there are numerous ethnic artifacts and modern artifacts.
The Chinese Silk Museum contains historical relics related to silk from various dynasties since the Neolithic Age, especially the Han and Tang dynasty fabrics that were unearthed along the Silk Road, the Liaojin objects in the northern grasslands, the Song Dynasty costumes in the Jiangnan area, and the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Official aircraft products as well as modern cheongsam and landscape fabrics. In addition, there are numerous ethnic artifacts and modern artifacts.
Winch clothing in the Northern Dynasties: This exhibit is a cultural relic of the Northern Dynasties. It is 192 cm long and 72 cm wide. The dress is brown, and the sleeves are flared with large sleeves. The fabric is plain weave, and the yellow dot pattern is dyed by the twisting process. Twisted, also known as tie-dye, became popular in the Northern Dynasties, and it is rare to preserve such a complete North Korean women’s clothing. Now in the China National Silk Museum.
Tang Duo pattern blue earth wax enamel: This exhibit is a cultural relic of the Tang Dynasty. It is 78 cm long and 51 cm wide. The source of the wax plaque does not seem to be in China. A batik cotton cloth unearthed from the Tomb of the Eastern Han Dynasty in Minfeng, Xinjiang, is full of exotic patterns. After the wax enamel was introduced into the Central Plains, it became one of the three gongs of the same name as the twisted scorpion and the scorpion. Now in the China National Silk Museum.
Tang Li Shi Bao Huan Jin: This exhibit is a cultural relic of the Tang Dynasty. 46 cm long and 29 cm wide. The animal pattern in the flower ring was created in the early Tang Dynasty and is called the Lingyang public sample. It is a typical product of combining the animal patterns in the group of the cypress ring and the Chinese aesthetic flower pattern. This piece of brocade uses the Liao style latrine, and its pattern has a free realistic style, which should be one of the typical representatives of the Lingyang public sample popular in the late Tang Dynasty. Now in the China National Silk Museum.
Red satin embroidered apron at the end of the Qing Dynasty: This exhibit is a cultural relic of the late Qing Dynasty. It is 62 cm long and 45 cm wide. The apron is hanged with a silver chain, a large red satin, embroidered with a small boat, and a pair of men and women on the boat. Such a theme also appears on other utensils. It is generally considered to be the “old husband and wife to return home”. Now in the China National Silk Museum.
Yuan Dynasty Lingdi Flying Birds Patterns Sea Tsing Yi: This exhibit is a cultural relic of the Yuan Dynasty. The length of the garment is 119 cm and the sleeve length is 224 cm. The right side of the dress is crossed, narrow sleeves, wide swing, and special construction. There is an opening in the shoulder, which can be extended by the arms when it is hot, and two long sleeves can be buckled behind the clothes. Therefore, the robe has a button on the back of the collar 14 cm, and the two sleeves each have a crotch 16 cm from the cuff. The right side of the robes is 33 cm long for riding. The left and right shoulders of the gown are embroidered, and the stitches used are high-stitch nails, which are nailed on the lining, and finally form a raised pattern. Now in the China National Silk Museum.
Clear purple horse dress: This exhibit is a cultural relic of the Qing Dynasty. The skirt is 105 cm long and the waist is 95 cm wide. This skirt fabric is made of purple leather ball pattern. The skirt and the horse face are made of several different lace hooks, and the bottom is made of blue satin. The white cotton cloth is used at the waist, and there is a white-headed old man. Now in the China National Silk Museum.
Yuan Na Shi lost boots, six out of Gree Fenhua trousers: This exhibit is a cultural relic of the Yuan Dynasty. The pair of boot fabrics is a narcotic unwoven gold brocade with three lines in one loop. There are four enamels on the waistband, and there are traces of leather left in the right side of the waist. It can be seen that the waist of the trousers may be lined with leather. The belt is also made of blue enamel with a blue ribbon for the bootie. Now in the China National Silk Museum.
At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the satin-colored embroidered drama was played out of the Ten Groups: this exhibit is a cultural relic of the late Qing Dynasty. The length of the garment is 90 cm and the sleeve length is 116 cm. The grass green hundred butterfly pattern dark satin is the ground, the colorful embroidered flowers, cranes, peacocks, butterfly patterns and the ten story lines of the characters. The shape of the cymbal is the round neck facing, the two sides are open, and the opening is decorated with the wishful cloud head. The collar, the opening and the sleeves are white satin embroidered, and the patterns are also flowers, cranes, peacocks, etc. Now in the China National Silk Museum.
Organization
The China National Silk Museum consists of a department, an office, a social education department, an exhibition and storage department, and a technical department. In 2000, with the approval of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, the China Textile Identification and Protection Center was established. In October 2010, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage approved the establishment of a key scientific research base for the State Administration of Cultural Relics for Textiles.
China Textile Identification and Protection Center
It was established on October 20, 2000 with the approval of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage and is an authoritative body in this field. It has set up identification, cleaning, disinfection, repair, dyeing and weaving studios and data rooms, and accepts scientific research, identification testing, protection and restoration, and copying of unearthed and hand-drawn textile cultural relics from all over the country, providing various relevant materials and training specialized personnel.
Key Cultural Research Base of the State Administration of Cultural Relics for Textiles
In October 2010, it was approved by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage. The research direction is textile cultural relics protection. Research units such as analytical testing room, protection technology research room, repair technology research room and traditional technology research room were established, and information information center and education and training center were set up. , carry out related technical research, material research and development, data research and education and training.
Activity
From 2011 onwards, at the end of each year, the China National Silk Museum will cooperate with the annual fashion retrospective to carry out hand-woven teaching activities. The purpose of the event is to encourage everyone to return to the tradition.
On August 26th, 2011, the China National Silk Museum held the Silk House Searching Activity. The summer camp team consisting of Qianbao readers and students from Hangzhou Wahaha Primary School visited the site of the Hangzhou Silkworm Museum, the former residence of Dujinsheng, the Chinese Silk Museum, Hangzhou Beilin, and the Hangzhou Silk Industry Hall.
In June 2012, the China National Silk Museum launched the 100-year cheongsam exhibition, which was jointly sponsored by the China National Silk Museum, the China Academy of Art and the Zhejiang Xiaobaihua Yue Opera Troupe. It was divided into “Innovation of the Origin of the Cheongsam” and “Timelessness – Cheongsam” “Rheology”, “Chinese-Western combination – the new language of cheongsam”, “Miao Tian Tiancheng – the craft of cheongsam” and “Fenghua eternal – cheongsam today” five units, more than 110 pieces of cheongsam exhibits late Qing, last century two Cheongsam in the 1930s also has recently produced works.
On January 17, 2015, “Building a Dream – 2014 Fashion Retrospective” was held at the China National Silk Museum. This exhibition has exhibited more than 100 products, including masterpieces, rookie masterpieces, brand quarterly apparel, annual fashion fabrics, etc. In 2014, we have comprehensively reviewed the fashion journey of China in 2014 from five aspects: “Fables of the Net World”, “The Carnival of the Carnival”, “Impression Fiber”, “Time Walk” and “The Port of the Art”.
Academic
The China National Silk Museum has a textile appraisal and protection center (2000) and a key scientific research base of the National Cultural Relics Bureau of Textiles and Cultural Relics (2009). It is dedicated to the protection and research of textile relics. It has undertaken three sub-projects of the National Science and Technology Support Program. The plan – 2 items of value mining and display of ancient Chinese inventions and creations, 8 items of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, 3 national social science funds and national key publication projects, 12 cultural heritage protection projects in Zhejiang, and 3 international cooperation projects, He has published 15 monographs in Chinese and English, published more than 100 research papers, approved 8 invention patents, and formulated 3 industrial standards for textile cultural relics protection. It has become the main research institution for domestic textile technology protection. Among them, “East Week Textile Weaving Technology Value Excavation and Display One by One Unearthed Textiles” won the second prize of the 2009 Cultural Relics Protection Science and Technology Innovation Award, and the “Museum Collection of Textiles Cultural Relics Protection Technical Manual” won the best tool for the 2009 Wenbo Book The book, “Chinese Silk History” won the first China Excellent Publication Award in 2006 and the 2007 China Government Award.
Honor
The China National Silk Museum has been rated as a provincial and municipal spiritual civilization and patriotic education base. Every year, many domestic and foreign friends and students come to visit and receive many national leaders and foreign heads of state.
In 2004, the China National Silk Museum completed the basic exhibition and the overall renovation of the pavilion environment. The basic exhibition in the pavilion was awarded the Sixth National Museum Top Ten Exhibition and Exhibition Quality Award by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage.