Bourgoin-Jallieu is a commune of the department of Isère, located in the region Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, in France. Located on a major road that links Lyon to Italy, Bourgoin will host an important post office between Grenoble and Lyon. During the industrial era, Bourgoin would become one of the main cities of Nord-Isère and its development would be linked to its textile activities.
Historically, the city was attached to the seigneury of La Tour-du-Pin, which will then be integrated into the Dauphiné. The town is the center of the urban unit of Bourgoin-Jallieu, an agglomeration of over 56,000 inhabitants, the third in department, after those of Grenoble and Vienne. The town and its agglomeration are part of the urban area of Lyon. The city is established at 254 meters above sea level at its train station. Its most famous sports association in the sports world remains its rugby club, which is a member of the Top 14 until 2011.
History
In Bourgoin-Jallieu region, “our ancestors the Gauls” are the Allobroges. They are defeated by the Romans who, after having conquered part of Gaul, advance more deeply into less accessible regions, deprived of means of communication. The “Pax Romana” (1st and 2nd centuries) goes hand in hand with the real development of the territory. It is in this Roman period that the table of the roads of the Roman Empire (Antonine route) established in the third century, mentions Bergusia (Birgusia) and that Bergusium is cited in the Peutinger table, after a copy of documents from the 4th century.
In the 5th century, the invasion of the Barbarians corresponds in our region to the arrival from Sweden of a people of plow soldiers, the Burgundians. As the Roman power was exhausted, that of the Burgundians progressed over a vast territory from Dijon to Avignon, before passing in turn under the authority of the Franks. It was not until the 9th century that Burgondium, which means “the city of Burgundians” finally corresponded to the limits of our city center.
Middle Ages
During the vi th century, Bourgoin and Pagus Viennensis submitted by the invading Burgundians who are reclaiming the Gallo-Roman administration. After suffering their domination, then the Franks of the v th to viii th century Bourgoin depends on the kingdom of Burgundy. At the beginning of the Middle Ages, the importance of Bourgoin seemed to decline. In an act ofNovember 18, 927, the city of Bourgoin is called under the term “villula” which means small town.
At the time feudal, from the 12th century the lordship of Bourgoin Jallieu and including Ruy, is pegged to the lordship of La Tour-du-Pin, which is incorporated in 1282 in Dauphiné. It faces Maubec, an important barony in the movement of the Savoy family opposed to the Dauphin. The granting of a franchise charter liberal by the dolphin Humbert I st in 1298 allows to consolidate the urban development of Bourgoin. The city then becomes the seat of the bailiwick ofViennese, the richest in income of the seven bailiwicks of Dauphiné.
For two centuries, the city enjoyed the advantages conferred on it by this jurisdiction over the Viennese. As indicated by the presence of the rue des rotoirs à hemp located in the city center of Bourgoin-Jallieau, the processing of hemp, grown in a humid environment, is the first textile activity practiced in Bourgoin and Jallieu. Derived from the Bourbre, the Mouturier canal makes it possible to develop waterfalls activating the “Moulin Delphinal” (seigneurial), the first artisanal installation located on the site of the “Le Gutemberg” building, corner of rue de l’Escot and Dos- de-l’Ane.
A severe blow was dealt to the prosperity of the city, in 1450, when the Dauphin Louis II – future King Louis XI – transferred the seat of the bailiwick to Vienna after the reunion of the Viennese city to the Dauphiné.
Modern times
According to the book of Stephanie Couriaud, on the history of Bourgoin-Jallieu, during the 16th century, the religious wars with their cohort of unrest and looting are particularly destructive in the region. The plagues of 1628 and 1643 wiped out more than half of the population, and the city suffered major floods in 1637, 1653, and 1673.
At the 16th century, Henry III, elected King of Poland, back in France to succeed his brother, stops in Bourgoin, a town near the border with the Duchy of Savoy. He is greeted by his mother Catherine de Medici in the locality Champaret and established in 1584, by letters patent, the two great fairs of 1 st May and 29 September (St. Michael). They contribute to the return of prosperity and the development of local trade with the development of road transport.
In 1620, Bourgoin had his horse post on the road from Grenoble to Lyon. The Mouturier canal, improved and widened, supplies energy to numerous flour and paper mills, rotors and hemp threshers. The opening of a first girls’ school by the Ursuline nuns, in the former Antonins commandery (current Bourgoin-Jallieu museum) is attested in 1646.
At the beginning of the 18th century, Bourgoin expands and builds its suburbs outside the walls. In the 1740s, the situation as a crossroads between Lyon, Chambéry and Italy was reinforced with the construction of the new road to Grenoble. The creation of this “main road” is the prelude to a series of town planning works: fitting out of a square with a public fountain (current Place du 23-August), lighting (installation of eight oil lamps). In 1787, the foundation of a first factory of canvases painted by Louis Perregaux, of the Protestant religion, heralded the industrial era.
Contemporary period
At the start of the 18th century, Bourgoin expanded and built its suburbs outside the surrounding walls. In the 1740s, the crossroads between Lyon, Chambéry and Italy was reinforced with the construction of the new road to Grenoble. The creation of this “main road” is the prelude to a series of town planning works: fitting out of a square with a public fountain (now the 23 August square), lighting (installation of eight oil lamps).
In 1787, the foundation of a first factory of canvases painted by Louis Perregaux, of the Protestant religion, heralded the industrial era. Failing to be set up as the capital of the arrondissement despite being the most populous city, Bourgoin obtained, in 1790, the seat of the current Tribunal de Grande Instance (also Commercial Court). For its part, the parish of Jallieu took advantage of the Revolution to separate from Bourgoin.
French Revolution
Following the events in Paris, in particular the storming of the Bastille, a social phenomenon called the Great Fear spreads in the Dauphiné. From July 27 to early August 1789, it gained momentum in the peasant environment of the Bourgoin region. It is estimated that 80 castles were attacked, 43 looted or devastated and 12 of them totally destroyed.
Failing to be set up as the capital of the arrondissement despite being the most populous city, Bourgoin obtained, in 1790, the seat of the current Tribunal de Grande Instance (also Commercial Court). For its part, the parish of Jallieu took advantage of the Revolution to separate from Bourgoin. This new town is organized into industrial suburbs along the current rue de la Liberation and includes, until the merger in 1967, various rural hamlets: Charbonnières, Montbernier, Mozas, Bourselas.
Industrial Revolution
Textiles, linked to the Lyon “Fabrique”, and the resulting mechanical industry, govern the life of the city: wood and frame engraving workshops, printing factories (Brunet-Lecomte on the site of the current Pont Saint-Michel, Dolbeau, rue de la Liberation), unwinding and warping workshops (Caffarel in Jallieu), sizing and weaving factories (Debar in La Grive) and weaving loom factory (Ateliers Diederichs). At the start of the 20th century, Bourgoin and Jallieu constituted one of the very first French centers for printing on fabric.
Other activities supplement the local economy: cardboard factory (Voisin-Pascal, petite rue de la Plaine), chemicals (Le Dauphin, PCAS site). For two centuries, the industry offered numerous workers’ jobs to the Berjallian population until the crisis of the 1970s. After the disappearance of the Brunet-Lecomte and Dolbeau establishments, the succession was partly provided by the Mermoz establishments in Champaret. Until its closure in 2003, the establishment kept an important activity, focused on quality, at the service of great couturiers such as Dior, Cardin, Lanvin…
The closure of traditional businesses is transforming the industrial and urban landscape. This exceptional know-how leaves the factories to enter the museum. The losses are however offset by the establishment of new companies, linked to the development of technologies such as solar energy or textile research.
If the past of Bourgoin-Jallieu, Bourgoin and Jallieu, united in 1967, is that of a small rural and commercial center of Bas-Dauphiné, its future is that of a dynamic city, keeping its specificity and its originality of medium city.
The 19th century
As the site of the town hall at the 19th century, Bourgoin turns to erase its medieval origins. The surrounding wall disappears, an alignment plan is applied (widening the streets and making the medieval facades disappear) and new buildings structure the city: the medieval hall was rebuilt in the same place in 1847-1848 (current Grenette space), the court (former chapel of the White Penitents), the Romanesque church is destroyed and replaced by another in 1830 and by 3rd in 1874 (the current Saint-Jean-Baptiste church). On the site of the first two demolished churches, the current Place Carnot is created. The rue Victor-Hugo hospital (current museum) was transferred to the corner of avenue Pr-Tixier and Maréchal-Leclerc in 1895. The old people’s home (current Jean-Moulin residence center), the college, the Caisse d’Épargne (rue D Pollosson) were successively built.
In 1858, the railway line from Lyon arrives at Bourgoin and facilitates trade with Lyon. It reached Grenoble in 1862. At the same time, industry developed along the Mouturier canal.
The 20th century
In 1965, during the municipal campaign, the reunification of Bourgoin and Jallieu is in everyone’s mind. On 25 June 1965 the new councils and municipal Bourgoin Jallieu vote the merger of their two cities at 1 st January 1967. At midnight one, on the night of Saturday December 31, 1966that Sunday 1 st January 1967 are ringing the bells and Bourgoin Jallieu: after 176 years of separation, the two cities met again. Numerous achievements followed, in all areas of public action: social, health, town planning, sports, until Bourgoin-Jallieu was established in the role of flagship city of Nord-Isère.
The 21th century
The year 2010 saw the opening of the ZAC de la Maladière and the Médipôle which brought together the Pierre-Oudot hospital (374 beds), the Saint-Vincent-de-Paul clinic (144 beds), the Nord-Dauphiné psychotherapeutic center. (170 beds). The former Bourgoin-Jallieu hospital as well as the former Saint-Vincent-de-Paul clinic were demolished a few years later.
Tourism
To consolidate good living together and social diversity, the city is a driving force in supporting economic activity, artistic creation and community and sporting life. This is how many companies are establishing themselves, with the certainty of offering their staff a range of services that meet today’s requirements. The Bourgoin-Jallieu Museum, which is part of the tradition of the textile industry which made the heyday of our city, offers in addition to permanent exhibitions, temporary exhibitions that make the event.
The choice of a cultural season which has always given pride of place to performing arts is continuing, with the reaffirmed desire to favor theatrical creation in all its forms, even the most contemporary. As for the Les Belles Journées Festival, it is the Berjallian musical event at the start of the school year to end the summer on a festive and friendly note !This festival, organized by the city of Bourgoin-Jallieu, is keen to settle permanently in the French musical landscape, and become a reference in the field. A flagship event in Nord-Isère, it aims to become a staple of regional festivals. The presence of a contemporary music scene “Les Abattoirs”, and a Conservatory with departmental influence fully participate in the cultural influence of Bourgoin-Jallieu.
With five weekly markets and two annual fairs whose phenomenal success cannot be denied, Bourgoin-Jallieu is betting on promoting a city for all. The presence of participatory bodies (neighborhood councils, municipal council for children and young people) makes it possible to get involved in civic life.
Heritage trail
Bourgoin-Jallieu occupies a privileged geographical location in the northern part of the department of Isère, at the junction of eastern Lyon, Isle-Crémieu and Terres-froides. The city was formed in the Middle Ages, surrounded by walls, on a main road, the Route d’Italie, (today Rue de la Liberté, converted into a pedestrian route). However, it was in the 18th century that Bourgoin became the main city in the center of Bas-Dauphiné, with the creation of the current Grenoble road and the construction of a new artery, the rue de la République, where the balconies of period evoke a first urban extension. The proximity of Lyon is an asset for the industrial development of the 19th century, symbolized by the work of silk.
Facing Bourgoin, a bourgeois and commercial city, the village of Jallieu was transformed into a working-class suburb in the 1830s, supplemented by outlying hamlets. The parallel evolution of twin towns and strong post-war economic growth led to the merger of the two municipalities in 1967, motivated by a common future. Unveiled along the streets, the components of architecture and town planning make it possible to discover a past reshaped by several centuries of development.
City Hall
The town hall of Jallieu, which became that of Bourgoin-Jallieu in 1967, testimony to the stability of our republican institutions, has always been called “the Castle”. This 3 hectare property with a luxurious house and a park with a pond was majestically designed.
It was in 1870 that Joséphine Seignoret, daughter of Julie Miège, and her husband Antonin Lupine had a magnificent residence built in Jallieu. We still find there, engraved in the woodwork and wrought iron of the house, the initials S and L intertwined. The Seignoret family had made a fortune in weaving and silk. Antonin Lupine owned a large piece of land in Jallieu opposite the current Parc des Lilattes. There is no doubt that the success of the Perregaux and Diederichs families was at the origin of their desire to own an even larger, more luxurious residence.
René, the son of Joséphine and Antonin Lupine, worked with his brother in a velvet factory in Lyon. But in the early 1900s, after all family members died, bankruptcy was consumed. The castle was auctioned and passed from hand to hand before being definitively parceled out. In 1927 the municipality of Jallieu decided to buy this place thanks to a public subscription and installed its town hall there. In 1967 the residence became the town hall of the two combined municipalities.
The property extended over more than 3 hectares. There was the house with two large external stairs, large outbuildings, an aviary, an orangery, a dovecote, but also a greenhouse, a kennel, a stable with paddock, not to mention a small pond with a chalet and an islet. A skylight, already out of a desire to save energy, was used to light up the stairs. The current town hall occupies less than 1/4 of the old property. Apart from the compulsory modifications made to offices, everything has been preserved in most of the rooms (marquetry, mosaics, wall coverings).
The old dining room, which had been fitted out by the best craftsmen of the time with woodwork from the lake pillars of Lake Paladru renowned for their hardness and high quality, has become the wedding hall. In the courtyard, a basin welcomes a frog, emblem of Jallieu, discreetly reminding us that we are in Jalliesian soil, near the marshes.
Historical heritage
Petit-Mont castle
This recreational building was rebuilt in the 19th century on the site of a former stronghold.
Bourgoin castle
Dating back to the 13th century and the 14th century, this castle was the seat of the lordship of Bourgoin and a bailiwick. Quoted from the 13th century ” castrum Burgundium “, the mansion is rebuilt the 15th and 16th centuries
Beauregard castle
Formerly called Chateauvieux, the building is located at the top of the town garden, with two imposing walls remaining. It has never been the subject of serious archaeological excavations
Thézieu castle
This building dates from the 19th century
Champfort castle
This building of contemporary construction appears with the same influence on the cadastre of 1832.
Civil buildings
Listed monuments
Two Berjallian monuments are classified as French historical monuments:
The MH classified antique patio wallHistoric monument logo
This terrace wall is a vestige of the Gallo-Roman period located in the district of La Grive, at a place called Croix-Blanche. The site is classified by decree of September 11, 1987under the historical monuments. It is a wall 57 m long, preserved to a height of around three meters. It belonged to a large group of Roman times which has completely disappeared. The structure is oriented north-northeast and was discovered in 1981.
The wrought iron balcony Historic monument logo Classified MH
This is a balcony located on the first floor of the house at 13 rue de la République is the subject of a partial registration as historical monuments by decree of May 2, 1956.
La Halle
This historically commercial building, rebuilt in the years 1847 and 1848, replacing that of the Middle Ages, was renamed Espace Grenette in 1994, after its renovation, while its commercial role was interrupted a few years earlier.
The Fountain Square from 23-Aug-1944
In 1755, a monumental fountain was built on the Place de la Pourcherie, in the center of Bourgoin. On the central pillar, an inscription specified: “This fountain was built for the public utility”. In fact, not only the Berjallians provided themselves with drinking water there, but also the post horses or diligence horses quenched their thirst.
The June 13, 1953, an exceptional convoy carrying a 29-meter-long tubular kiln-dryer bound for the Chambon-Feugerolles thermal power station set out to cross the city from north to south. Arrived on the place of August 23, 1944 (new name of the place), he could not maneuver and found himself blocked. The firefighters, called for help, considered that the only way to free the convoy was to pass it over the site of the fountain. This was then broken to the mass. However, the central was could be preserved. The event sparked strong reactions. It was not until 1980 that the municipality had the fountain rebuilt, with elements preserved from the central tree, in approximately the same place.
Other civil buildings
The old brasserie, located rue Pontcottier is labeled Heritage in Isère.
The Art Deco apartment, on the first floor of the building at 2 rue de la République labeled Patrimoine en Isère.
The Tribunal (built on the site of the Chapel of the Penitents-Blancs of the 17th century)
L’Objet-Dard, in memory of Frédéric Dard by Bertrand Lavier
Religious buildings
Saint-Jean-Baptiste Church
Religious building built during the 19th century that contains within its walls, a large organ Merklin, dating from 1879, including qurante games over three keyboards and pedals.
Other religious buildings
The chapel of St. Anthony (16th century), now part of the Museum
The Church of Our Lady (19th century)
The chapel of Villieu (19th century)
The Protestant temple built in 1853.
Cultural heritage
The town of Bourgoin-Jallieu hosts two cultural establishments
The Bourgoin-Jallieu museum
The city museum is located near the city center, in a historic location: the former chapel of the Antonines built in 1503 and the Hôtel-Dieu (old hospital) built in the 18th century. Created in 1929 and completely renovated in 2000, this culturally -oriented place received the name of the Victor-Charreton Museum and is spread over three levels.
Created in 1929 at the initiative of the city and the painter Victor Charreton, the Bourgoin-Jallieu Museum opened to the public in 1933. The Bourgoin-Jallieu Museum is located in the heart of the city, in a high historical place: the old chapel of the Antonins built in 1503 and the Hôtel-Dieu built in the 18th century.
Completely renovated in 2000, a new step was taken in 2008: entry to the museum becomes free for all. A new opportunity to increase the number of visits and introduce the museum to loved ones. The museum is accessible to everyone for a quarter of an hour or for two hours. Alone or in a group, with family or friends, adults or children… a museum to discover or rediscover through a route designed to be as close as possible to the cultural heritage of our North Isère territory and to our visitors.
A rich and varied cultural program allows all audiences to appropriate the collections or temporary exhibitions: guided tours, artistic practice workshops, conferences, shows… so many opportunities to discover or rediscover the museum in a fun and friendly way.
At the gates of Lyon, the museum thus asserts itself as an original and dynamic museum of the history of the textile industry in Rhône-Alpes, the only one to present the history of printing on fabrics, a domain in its own right. the Lyon silk factory.
Jean-Vilar Theater / Rhône-Alpes stage
In 1987, the Jean Vilar theater occupies the former orangery of a house of 18th century, until its destruction by fire in 2010. However, the theater continued its activity “outside the walls” in a multipurpose hall in the city.
Other cultural services
The public reading service of Isère, which has become the departmental media library of Isère, is a service of the Department of Isère directly attached to the Directorate of Culture and Heritage. The service is also located in Saint-Martin-d’Hères.
Events, fairs and festivals
Several events take place on the territory of the municipality, mainly:
The Fair 1 st May
Created in 1586, on the initiative of King Henri III. This fair is organized in the Pré-Bénit district, which hosts fairgrounds and various commercial exhibitors. In the city center, a large clearance sale is organized on the same day.
The Saint-Michel fair
The Saint-Michel fair takes place all day in the city center and in the Pré-Bénit district. It is organized the nearest weekend is the feast of Saint-Michel which is celebrated on September 29. In 2017, the party took place on September 29 and more than 250 exhibitors were expected near the Picerre-Rajon stadium. Like the Fair 1 st of May, a large market is held on the same day in the city center.
Festivals of lights and candles
Since 1852, the inhabitants of the Lyon region and north-Isère have been celebrating the lights on the evening of December 8 and they put candles in front of their windows. A “sound and light” festival is offered in the town center of Bourgoin-Jallieu.
Festivals
French rock festival, the beautiful days (4 th edition in 2018, 7 and 8 September)
This festival welcomes musical groups linked to rock’n roll but also other musicians such as Eddy de Pretto in 2018.
Electrochoc Festival (since 2005)
Festival combining electronic music concerts and visual arts.
Old demonstrations
Bourgoin-Jallieu hosted a broadcast from the 1978 edition of Jeux sans frontières.
Culinary heritage
The kettle
This cake was designed in the late 19th century by a baker Bourgoin, the Pitrougnard father, who said, kneading his dough with his feet. He sold his cakes on the platforms of Bourgoin station, singing “They are hot, the cauldrons, they are hot”. The Chaudelet is a small pancake of salted shortcrust pastry, flavored with anise grains. Kneaded for a long time, the dough is shaped, then poached in boiling water and cooled in cold water. The pancakes are then drained and refrigerated for several hours. Then they are cooked and browned in an oven over very high heat. Frédéric Dard, who appreciated them, spoke about them in his books and did not fail to stock them up at each of his visits to Bourgoin-Jallieu.
Bourgoin brioche
This local brioche can be decorated with red and white sugar and garnished with pralines and sugared almonds. October 18, 1447, Louis II Dauphin of France, enters Bourgoin by the Porte Neuve mounted on a superb black horse. He is followed by forty horsemen, thirty archers and ten crossbowmen. Then come the Court and the Dauphin’s house: rich gentlemen wearing their coat of arms on their breasts. The future King Louis XI will stay several times in Bourgoin and it is in his honor that the bakers prepared a cake in the shape of a crown, composed of flour, milk, honey, eggs and leaven, and decorated with pralines and white sugar.
The great Dauphine
Formerly called “Vieille Dauphine”, the grande dauphine is a liqueur made from sweet and bitter oranges according to a recipe from 1855. This drink will become famous in 1935, thanks to Maurice Chavin who had the idea of adding cognac to the original recipe in order to accentuate its finesse. To appreciate the full complexity of its aromas, it is recommended to drink it pure, in a large “balloon” glass or chilled on ice.
Le galet du Bion
Named in honor of one of the rivers crossing the Berjallian city, this chocolate is both crunchy and melting, and rests on a nougatine shell filled with praline, all sprinkled with cocoa powder.
Other specialties
L’Isernoix, created by the friendly Nord-Isérois pastry chefs, is a cake that gives pride of place to “local” products: butter, honey, eggs, nuts with vanilla caramel and a light touch of chocolate, and the San-Antonio chocolate which is a soft cake on the inside (hazelnut praline with feuilletine, milky ganache heart) and crunchy on the outside (dark chocolate), like Commissioner San Antonio, this chocolate was created by Jean-Marc Scribante in gourmet tribute to Frédéric Dard.
Natural space
The city of Bourgoin-Jallieu is referenced three flowers. Each year it takes part in the Cities and Villages in Bloom competition. This rewards actions coordinated by the municipalities which wish to offer a pleasant environment and a good quality of life to residents and passing tourists. The 2017 winners of the departmental competition of towns and villages in bloom confirmed the three flowers of Bourgoin-Jallieu. An encouraging sign and satisfaction for the entire technical services team dedicated to this task. Encouraged by the congratulations of the Cities and Villages in Bloom jury and this special mention, the municipality and the city services will continue to show ingenuity, creativity and pugnacity to offer a beautiful and attractive city.